Serum Cystatin C(Cys-C) has been proposed as a marker of glomerular filtration rate(GFR). Serum creatinine (creatinine) is widely used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate, but its tubular secretion, dependence on muscle mass, alteration in some inflammatory diseases, and analytical interferences can limit its utility. Thus, Cys-C has been proposed as a novel biomarker of kidney function.

25（OH）-D is a prehormone that is produced in the liver by hydroxylation of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) by the enzyme cholecalciferol 25-hydroxylase. Physicians worldwide measure this metabolite to determine a patient's vitamin D status.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein produced primarily by the liver in a developing baby (fetus) and the portion of a developing embryo that is similar to the yolk cavity in bird eggs (yolk sac tissues). AFP levels are typically elevated when a baby is born and then decline rapidly.

Human Pepsinogens are aspartic proteases produced in the gastric mucosa and secreted into the gastric lumen that play a major role in the digestion of proteins after activation of acidic pH. It is synthesized as isoymogens and is classified into two groups (Pepsinogen I and Pepsinogen II).

Human Pepsinogens are aspartic proteases produced in the gastric mucosa and secreted into the gastric lumen that play a major role in the digestion of proteins after activation of acidic pH. It is synthesized as isoymogens and is classified into two groups (Pepsinogen I and Pepsinogen II).

Human pepsinogens I (PGI) and II (PGII) are proenzymes of pepsin—an endoproteinase of gastric juice. PGI is secreted mainly by chief cells in the fundic mucosa, whereas PGII is also secreted by the pyloric glands and the proximal duodenal mucosa. Serum PGI and PGII concentrations and the ratio between PGI and PGII may be related to the histologic and functional status of the gastric mucosa.

HBsAg is the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It indicates current hepatitis B infection. Biotime HBsAg Rapid Quantitative Test kit can detect the specimen of serum and plasma.

Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV): the virus can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis, ranging in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness. Hepatitis C is a major cause of liver cancer.

PSA, a protein produced by prostate gland cells, circulates through the body in two ways: either bound to other proteins or on its own. PSA traveling alone is called free PSA. The free-PSA test measures the percentage of unbound PSA.

NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, lipocalin-2, sidero- calin) is a novel biomarker for diagnosing acute kidney injury (AKI). Under normal conditions NGAL levels are low in urine and plasma Still, they rise sharply from basal levels in response to kidney injury to reach diagnostic levels within a very short time - as much as 24 hours or more before any significant rise in serum creatinine.

Ferr is a universal intracellular protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion. The protein is produced by almost all living organisms, including algae, bacteria, higher plants, and animals. In humans, it acts as a buffer against iron deficiency and iron overload. Ferritin is found in most tissues as a cytosolic protein, but small amounts are secreted into the serum functioning as an iron carrier. Plasma ferritin is also an indirect marker of the total amount of iron stored in the body. Hence serum ferritin is used as a diagnostic test for iron-deficiency anemia.

MAU(Microalbumin) occurs when the kidney leaks small amounts of albumin into the urine, which is an early marker of kidney damage.

HbA1c is the product of the hemoglobin combining with blood glucose in red blood cells, which can reflect the average blood glucose level over the amid 2-3 months.

Thyroxine (T4) is the main thyroid hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the thyroid gland. Together with triiodothyronine (T3) it plays a vital role in regulating the body's metabolic rate, influences the cardiovascular system, growth and bone metabolism, and is important for normal development of gonadal functions and nervous system.

Thyroxine (T4) is the main thyroid hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the thyroid gland. Together with triiodothyronine (T3) it plays a vital role in regulating the body's metabolic rate, influences the cardiovascular system, growth and bone metabolism, and is important for normal development of gonadal functions and nervous system.

TT4 is the main product of thyroid secretion and is an essential ingredient in the integrity of the hypothalamic-pituitary gland. The TT4 measures can be used for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, primary and secondary, and TT4 inhibition of treatment.

TT3 is the main hormone that thyroid hormone does to various target organs. The serum TT3 concentration reflects the thyroid gland’s ability to function better than the thyroid gland. TT3 is an important indicator of early hyperthyroidism and the monitoring of recurrent hyperthyroidism and pseudo thyrotoxicosis.

Thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) is a hormone secreted by adenohypophysis to promote the growth and function of the thyroid gland. The changes of TSH is noted prior to the T4 and T3 for months or years, as is of great value for the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction and lesions.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. osteoblasts secrete IL-6 to stimulate osteoclast formation. Smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of many blood vessels also produce IL-6 as a pro-inflammatory cytokine.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a type of antibody (or immunoglobulin (Ig)"isotype") that has only been found in mammals. IgE is synthesised by plasma cells. IgE's main function is immunity to parasites such as helminths like Schistosoma mansoni, Trichinella spiralis, and Fasciola hepatica. Total IgE is utilized during immune defense against certain protozoan parasites such as Plasmodium falciparum. Total IgE may have evolved as a last line of defense to protect against venoms.